In such cases we would expect that major differences in athleticism (especially between youth and senior basketball) and overall technical ability, would also have an effect on shot type selection and technique. Furthermore, we want to understand how large the differences between age groups and levels of competition are, in particular, between Youth and Senior level or between European basketball and the National Basketball Association (NBA). Therefore, as a first step towards improving the quality of the basketball training process, we require a better understanding of which basketball shot techniques are executed more frequently in competition and in which situations. And, because practice time is limited, the techniques that have to be utilized more frequently in competition should be practised more frequently as well. Players shoot using different techniques, the choice of which is influenced by several factors, such as distance, angle, player type, etc … In order to be an effective basketball shooter, a player must be trained in choosing the appropriate technique and executing it. The non-free-throw basketball shot (or field goal) is the primary way of scoring and one of the most frequent and important technical elements in competitive basketball. The effect situational variables have on shot types and shot success are found to be very similar for all competitions. The two discernible differences within the Senior competitions are that, in the NBA, dunks are more frequent and hook shots are less frequent compared to European basketball, which can be attributed to better athleticism of NBA players. Differences after adjustment are mostly between the Senior and Youth competitions: more shots executed jumping or standing on one leg, more uncategorised shot types, and more dribbling or cutting to the basket in the Youth competitions, which can all be attributed to lesser technical and physical ability of developing basketball players. However, most differences decrease or disappear entirely after we adjust for differences in situations that arise in different competitions (shot location, player type, and attacks in transition). Statistical analysis with hierarchical multinomial logistic regression models reveals that there are substantial differences between competitions. We analysed video footage and categorized 5024 basketball shots from 40 basketball games and 5 different levels of competitive basketball (National Basketball Association (NBA), Euroleague, Slovenian 1 st Division, and two Youth basketball competitions). The purpose of our research was to investigate the relative frequencies of different types of basketball shots (above head, hook shot, layup, dunk, tip-in), some details about their technical execution (one-legged, two-legged, drive, cut, …), and shot success in different levels of basketball competitions.
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